Compared to other races, African American people are known to have more unfavorable health outcomes. An interesting question is whether genetics or the environment holds a greater influence on one’s health outcomes. Is it nature or nurture?
The article from The Harvard Gazette named “ ZIP code or Genetic code?” was based on a study at Harvard University. In the study, researchers used a massive database to determine the effects of genes and environment in 560 medical conditions. Results from the study show that many diseases that occur are not solely reliant on genetics or environment, instead a complex blend between the two.
225 out of 560 of the diseases contained a genetic aspect, 138 out of 560 were based on socioeconomic factors. Cognitive and reproductive disorders were more likely to result from a genetic component. Diseases having to do with “connective tissues,” meaning related to the physical functioning of the body had a much smaller genetic influence. Diseases pertaining to eyes and the respiratory system had more to do with environmental factors. From the study, it was determined that the condition with the strongest association with socioeconomic status was morbid obesity.
In an alarming study, the Center for Disease Control reported that African Americans between ages 18-49 are twice as likely to die from heart disease than Whites. In addition, African Americans around that same age range are more likely to have higher blood pressure levels. Heart disease and hypertension are directly correlated with obesity.
The social factors that affect African American people are plenty. Unemployment and the number of people living below the poverty line contribute to the health disparities. Economic barriers are sizeable because they are the root of all health barriers. When people lack economic stability, they often fear seeking medical attention. Without seeking medical attention, many diseases go on to prevail as a result of no professional surveillance. A regular preventative care routine, entailing primary care visits, and appropriate resources is useful in promoting awareness and preventing diseases.
There’s a lot that needs to be done to change the adverse health outcomes of all people. We can’t change someone’s genetic composition, but we can put things in place to lessen their disorders’ effect on their lives. There’s something we can change regarding lifestyle and environmental diseases because they are acquired; therefore they are preventable. There needs to be a collaborative effort by health providers, public health officials, legislators, and other groups to identify groups at risk, provide awareness, and provide the holistic care everyone deserves.
While external groups and organizations have a part to play, people of color and minority groups also have a role. If we want better health outcomes, we must put ourselves in the best position to attain them. As an African-American male myself, I have taken the initiative to be in control of my health outcomes as much as I can. In my family, many generations have struggled with cardiovascular disease. While there may be a minor genetic predisposition, I know that a healthy diet, active lifestyle combined with a vigilant mindset will put me in a favorable position to avoid negative health outcomes.
Health Ineqaulities 